Identification of binocular vision dysfunction (vertical heterophoria) in traumatic brain injury patients and effects of individualized prismatic spectacle lenses in the treatment of postconcussive symptoms: a retrospective analysis

The study identified vertical heterophoria in a group of TBI patients with postconcussive symptoms. The treatment of vertical heterophoria with individualized prismatic spectacle lenses resulted in a significant reduction in subjective symptom burden and a relative reduction in VHS-Q score. It suggested that vertical heterophoria can be acquired as a result of traumatic brain injury.