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45 VISION THERAPY SKILLS & PURPOSES

The following skills can be trained with vision therapy.

Bilateral Integration

Bilateral integration is your brain's ability to coordinate both sides of your body smoothly. It helps with activities like walking, running, tying shoes, and catching a ball. Essentially, it ensures good communication between your brain and both sides of your body.

Binocular Accommodative Facility

Binocular Gross Convergence

Binocular gross convergence is the coordinated inward movement of both eyes to focus on a nearby object, enabling clear and depth perception up close.

Binocular Gross Saccades

Binocular gross saccades are fast, coordinated eye movements that shift both eyes together to quickly scan our surroundings or change our gaze.

Binocular Physiological Diplopia

Binocular physiological diplopia is normal, temporary double vision where each eye sees slightly different images, but the brain usually merges them into one clear image.

Binocular Rotational Pursuits

Binocular Vergence Facility

Biocular Fine Saccades

Biocular fine saccades are small, quick eye movements both eyes make together to focus on a nearby object or shift gaze between points of interest.

Biocular Peripheral Awareness

Biocular peripheral awareness is noticing objects and movements on the sides of your vision while focusing on something in front of you.

Biocular Rotational Pursuits

Biocular rotational pursuits are eye movements where both eyes smoothly follow a moving object, like watching a spinning top without blur or double vision.

Biocular Smooth Fusional Divergence

Biocular Smooth Fusional Divergence is our eyes' ability to move outward comfortably to keep single vision as an object moves away into the distance.

Biocular Smooth Vertical Vergence - Right Supravergence / Left Infravergence

Biocular Step Fusional Divergence

Biocular step fusional divergence is the ability of our eyes to move outward to maintain single vision as an object moves closer, preventing double vision.

Biocular Vergence Facility

Biocular vergence facility is our eyes' ability to work together and adjust angles to focus on objects at different distances, enabling effortless switching between near and far objects.

Monocular Accommodative Amplitude

Monocular accommodative amplitude is the maximum distance one eye can clearly focus on an object while the other eye is not used, showing the eye's ability to adjust focus for near tasks.

Monocular Fine Saccades

Monocular fine saccades are quick, small eye movements made by one eye to focus on a detail without moving the head or both eyes.

Monocular Peripheral Awareness

Monocular peripheral awareness is the ability to notice objects and movement in your side vision while focusing on something directly in front of you.

Monocular Rotational Pursuits

Monocular rotational pursuits are eye movements where one eye smoothly tracks a rotating object, like watching a spinning top with one eye.

Stereopsis & Depth Perception
(Third Degree Fusion)

Visual Discrimination

Visual discrimination is the ability to recognize and differentiate between visual stimuli, such as shapes, colors, or patterns, based on their unique features.

Visual Sequential Memory

Visual Sequential Memory is the ability to remember and recall a series of visual information in order, like remembering the sequence of cards in a deck or steps in a recipe.

Visual Spatial Orientation

Visual spatial orientation is the ability to understand and mentally manipulate the position and relationship of objects in space. It helps you know where things are, how they relate to each other, navigate, recognize patterns, and make sense of the physical world.

Visual-Motor Integration

Visual-motor integration is the coordination between our eyes and muscles, enabling tasks like writing, drawing, and catching a ball. It involves using our vision to guide our physical actions.

Binocular Accommodative Accuracy

Binocular Fine Saccades

Binocular Gross Motor Control

Binocular Gross Motor Control is the ability of both eyes to work together for large, coordinated movements, like catching a ball or smoothly tracking an object without double vision or misalignment.

Binocular Peripheral Awareness

Binocular peripheral awareness is the ability to notice objects and movement at the sides of your vision with both eyes open, sensing your surroundings without direct focus.

Binocular Pursuits

Binocular Step Convergence

Binocular step convergence is the coordinated movement of both eyes to focus on a near object, enabling clear close-up vision and depth perception.

Biocular Accommodative Facility

Biocular Gross Saccades

Biocular gross saccades are rapid, coordinated eye movements that shift our gaze quickly from one point to another, helping us see different objects or scenes.

Biocular Pursuits

Biocular pursuits are the coordinated eye movements that help us follow a moving object, keeping our view clear and stable.

Biocular Smooth Fusional Convergence

Biocular Smooth Fusional Convergence is the ability of our eyes to move inward together smoothly and comfortably to focus on a near object, preventing double vision and ensuring clear close-up vision.

Biocular Smooth Vertical Vergence - Right Infravergence / Left Supravergence

Biocular Step Fusional Convergence

Biocular step fusional convergence is the ability of both eyes to turn inward together to focus on a nearby object, ensuring clear and single vision up close.

Biocular Suppression

Biocular suppression is when the brain ignores the input from one eye when both eyes are open, usually due to a significant difference in vision quality between the eyes, such as in amblyopia or strabismus.

Monocular Accommodative Accuracy

Monocular accommodative accuracy measures how well one eye can focus on objects at various distances.

Monocular Accommodative Facility

Monocular accommodative facility is the ability of one eye to quickly and accurately switch focus between near and far objects, maintaining clear vision at various distances.

Monocular Gross Saccades

Monocular gross saccades are rapid, involuntary eye movements made by one eye to quickly shift gaze from one point to another.

Monocular Pursuits

Monocular pursuits are the ability to track and follow a moving object using only one eye.

Optokinetic Reflex

The optokinetic reflex helps us stabilize our gaze by involuntarily tracking moving objects or scenes with our eyes.

Visual Closure

Visual closure is our brain's ability to recognize and understand an object or shape even when it is partially hidden or incomplete.

Visual Memory/Recall

Visual memory/recall is the ability to remember and recreate images or scenes from the past in your mind. It's like having a mental picture you can recall when thinking about something you've seen before.

Visual Spatial Memory

Visual spatial memory is the ability to remember and mentally manipulate the locations and arrangements of objects or landmarks, like recalling where you left your keys or picturing a map in your mind.

Visual-Auditory Integration

Visual-auditory integration is the brain's ability to combine information from the eyes and ears to understand the world, like recognizing a honking car approaching by both hearing it and seeing it in your rearview mirror.

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